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SOCIOLOGY AND DEMOGRAPHY: THE ROLES, CONNECTIONS, AND PURPOSES OF SCIENCES

stmm. 2022 (1): 165-195

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2022.01.165

OLENA IVANENKO, Candidate of Sciences in Philosophy, Senior Research Fellow at the Department of Economic Sociology, Institute of Sociology, NAS of Ukraine (12, Shovkovychna St., Kyiv, 01021)

olenaivanenko@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-1078

ОLEKSANDR KOREGIN (1948–2021), Candidate of Sciences in Philosophy, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Sociology (2007–2008), Faculty of Social Sciences and Social Technologies, NaUKMA

The article deals with a long-standing, almost unknown to the modern generation of Ukrainian sociologists, discussion of the role and relationship of sociology and demography in population studies as well as about why the tradition to name science, which, in fact, studies people as a social subsystem, ”demography”, and the processes in the population, their patterns and social policy to regulate them — "demographic". The problem is that the term “demography” (gr. dēmos – “the people', graphy –“writing, description or measurement”) at one time originated and established itself as the name of population statistics, because it has as its subject the description of quantitative characteristics of the population, while the science which subject is qualitative analysis of the population, there is sociology. In the West, the sociological nature of science, which studies the patterns of population functioning, is generally accepted. This is evidenced by the fact that in the United States the vast majority of specialists in population problems being trained in the specialty "sociology of population" in dozens of departments of sociology.

On the other hand, on our territory the sociology of population is almost not developing which, in particular, is evidenced by the fact that we do not train specialists in this area at all. This is the result of a long-standing campaign during which the opinion was imposed on Soviet scientists that the science, the subject of which is a comprehensive study of population, is demography, and that the latter cannot have a sociological nature, since sociology has a completely different subject. In this article based on the analysis of the actions motivation of the famous Soviet statistician, demographer and sociologist B. Urlanis, the initiator of the named campaign, it is shown that its real reason was the need to protect the sociology from the real threat of curtailing the study of population in the 60s of the XX century, when sociology which had just started to revive in the USSR after a long ban, could fall along with all its branches under a new prohibition.

In the context of the growth of the population crisis in Ukraine and the institutional non-recognition of the science of population as a field of sociology, the lack of training of specialists in the sociology of population only contributes to the deepening of this crisis.

Keywords: population, demography, formal (pure) demography, wide demography, sociology of population, demology.

References

Antonov, A.I. (2009). Caesar of Russian demography. To the 100-th anniversary of the birth of B.Ts. Urlanis. [In Russian]. In: Demograficheskiie issledovaniia (pp.23- 37). Moscow: KDU. [=Антонов 2009].

A word of farewell. Dedicated to the memory of A.G. Vishnevsky (2021).. [In Ukrainian]. Demografiia ta sotsialna ekonomika, 1 (43), 133–134 [=Слово прощання 2021].

Antonov, A.I., Valentey, D.I. (Ed.) (1976). Population knowledge system. [In Russian]. Moscow: Statistika. [=Антонов, Валентей 1976].

Arab-Ogly, E.A. (1957). Some problems of population. [In Russian]. Voprosy Filosofii, 6, 102–123 [=Араб-Оглы 1957].

Best Sociology of Population Programs (2020). US News. Retrieved from: https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-humanities-schools/sociology-of-population-rankings

Borisov, V.A. (1986). Another date for the emergence of the theory of demographic revolution. [In Russian]. Sotsiologicheskiie issledovaniia, 3, 209–213 [=Борисов 1999].

Borisov, V.A. (1999). Demography. [In Russian]. Moscow: NOTA BENE. Retrieved from: https://pedlib.ru/Books/2/0486/2_0486-185.shtml [=Борисов1999].

Borisov, V., Vishnevskii, A. (2001). Boris Tsesarevich Urlanis, demographer. [In Russian]. Demoskop Weekly, 31–32. Retrieved from: http://demoscope.ru//weekly/031/nauka01.php [=Борисов, Вишневский 2001].

Boiarskii, A. (1970). Should we argue more? [In Russian]. Bulletin of Statistics, 1, 55 – 64. [=Боярский 1970].

Davis, K. (1965). Sociology of demographic behavior. [In Russian]. In: Sociology today. Problems and prospects. American bourgeois sociology of the mid-twentieth century (pp. 343–371). Moscow: Progress. [=Дэвис 1965].

Denisenko, M. (2001). Profession: demographer. Interview. [In Russian]. ESM (Economics. Sociology. Management). Retrived from: http://ecsocman.hse.ru/text/33438808.html [=Денисенко 2001].

Encyclopedic Dictionary Granat (1926). Vol. 41. Part VI. [In Russian]. Moscow: Tovarishchestvo Rus. bibl. in-t Granat. [=Энциклопедический словарь 1926].

Giddens, E. (1999). Sociology. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Osnovy. [=Гіденс 1999].

Giddens, E. (1999). Sociology. [In Russian]. Moscow: Editorial URSS. [=Гидденс 1999].

Goldtorpe, J. (2016). Sociology as a Population Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hauser, P.M., Duncan, O.D. (1959). The Study of Population: An inventory and appraisal. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Kaufman, A.A. (1916). Theory and methods of statistics. [In Russian]. Moscow: Edition of G. A. Leman and S. I. Sakharov. [=Кауфман 1916].

Khomenko, A. (1925). On the question of the current level of overall mortality in Ukraine. [In Ukrainian]. Kharkiv: CSB of the USSR. [=Хоменко 1925].

Kon, I.S. (2008). 80 years of solitude. [In Russian]. Moscow: Vremia. [=Кон 2008].

Korchak-Chepurkovskii, Yu.A. (1970). On the methods of studying the population reproduction. [In Russian]. In: Yu.A. Korchak-Chepurkovskii, Selected Demographic Studies (pp. 4–36). Moscow: Statistika. [=Корчак-Чепурковский 1970].

Koregin, O.Y. (2003). Demological concepts. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: PH "KM Akademia" [=Корегін 2003].

Larmin, O.V. (1975). Methodological problems in population studies. [In Russian]. Moscow: Statistika. [=Лармин 1975].

Malthus, T.R. (1998). Research on the population law. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Osnovy. [=Мальтус 1998].

Moore, W.E. (1959). Sociology and Demography. In: The Study of Population: An inventory and appraisal / Ed. by P.M. Hauser and O.D. Duncan (pp. 832 –851). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

90 years since the death of Mikhail Ivanovich Tugan-Baranovsky (2009). [In Russian]. Demoskop Weekly, 361–362 (January 19 – February 1). Retrived from: http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2009/0361/nauka01.php [=90 лет 2009].

On the 50th anniversary of the death of Adolphe Laundry (1874–1956) (2006). [In Russian]. Demoskop Weekly, 269–270 (December 11 – 31): Retrived from: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2006/0269/nauka01.php [=К 50-ти летию 2006].

Podyachikh, P. (1969). Statistics and study of population problems. [In Russian]. Zhurnal Statistiki, 4, 45–56. [=Лармин 1975].

Pressat, R. (1966). Population and its study (demographic analysis). [In Russian]. Moscow: Statistika. [=Пресса 1966].

Pribytkova, I.M. (1995). Basics of demography. A guide for students. [In Ukrainian]. Кyiv: ArtEk. [=Прибиткова 1995].

Ptukha, M.V. (1960). Essays on population statistics. [In Russian]. Moscow: Gosstatizdat CSU USSR. [=Птуха 1960].

Sadowski, J. (2019). When data is capital: Datafication, accumulation, and extraction. Big Data & Society, 6 (1) Retrieved from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2053951718820549

Sauvy, A. (1957). The relationship between demography and social sciences in capitalist countries. [In Russian]. Voprosy Filosopfii, 6, 91–101. [=Сови 1957].

Sauvy, A. (1977). General theory of population. Vol.1: Economy and population growth. [In Russian]. Moscow: Progress. Retrieved from: http://socioline.ru/files/5/84/sovi_t1.pdf [=Сови 1977].

Shelestov, D.K. (1983). Demographics: History and modernity. [In Russian]. Moscow: Financy i Statistika. [=Шелестов 1983].

Schliapentokh, W. (2007). Yuri Levada's Star Time: A History of One Existential Choice. [In Russian]. NLО, 5 (87). Retrieved from: http://magazines.russ.ru/nlo/2007/87/ [=Шляпентох 2007].

Smulevich, B.Ya. (1963). About two forgotten areas of sociological research. [In Russian]. Kommunist, 17, 81–87 [=Смулевич 1963].

Urlanis, B.C. (1976). Demography and sociology. [In Russian]. In: Population: research, publicism (pp. 27–35). Moscow: Statistika. [=Урланис 1976].

Valentei, D.I. (1969). On the subject of the science of population. [In Russian]. Bulletin of Statistics, 1, 34–41. [=Валентей 1969].

Valentei, D.I. (Ed.) (1977). Fundamentals of population theory. [In Russian]. Moscow: Vysshaia Shkola. [=Валентей 1977].

Vorontsov, А. (2016). Demography . [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Yurait. Retrieved from: https://stud.com.ua/44089/sotsiologiya/demografiya [=Воронцов 2016].

Yadov, V.A. (1994). Neil Smelzer and his lecture course. [In Russian]. In: N. Smelzer, Sociology (pp .5–10). Moscow: Feniks. [=Ядов 1994].

Yu Xie (2000). Demography Past, Present, and Future. Jornal of American Statistical Assotiation, 95 (450). Retrieved from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621459.2000.10474248

Received 28.01.2022

SOCIOLOGY AND DEMOGRAPHY: THE ROLES, CONNECTIONS, AND PURPOSES OF SCIENCES

stmm. 2022 (1): 165-195

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2022.01.165

OLENA IVANENKO, Candidate of Sciences in Philosophy, Senior Research Fellow at the Department of Economic Sociology, Institute of Sociology, NAS of Ukraine (12, Shovkovychna St., Kyiv, 01021)

olenaivanenko@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-1078

ОLEKSANDR KOREGIN (1948–2021), Candidate of Sciences in Philosophy, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Sociology (2007–2008), Faculty of Social Sciences and Social Technologies, NaUKMA

The article deals with a long-standing, almost unknown to the modern generation of Ukrainian sociologists, discussion of the role and relationship of sociology and demography in population studies as well as about why the tradition to name science, which, in fact, studies people as a social subsystem, ”demography”, and the processes in the population, their patterns and social policy to regulate them — "demographic". The problem is that the term “demography” (gr. dēmos – “the people', graphy –“writing, description or measurement”) at one time originated and established itself as the name of population statistics, because it has as its subject the description of quantitative characteristics of the population, while the science which subject is qualitative analysis of the population, there is sociology. In the West, the sociological nature of science, which studies the patterns of population functioning, is generally accepted. This is evidenced by the fact that in the United States the vast majority of specialists in population problems being trained in the specialty "sociology of population" in dozens of departments of sociology.

On the other hand, on our territory the sociology of population is almost not developing which, in particular, is evidenced by the fact that we do not train specialists in this area at all. This is the result of a long-standing campaign during which the opinion was imposed on Soviet scientists that the science, the subject of which is a comprehensive study of population, is demography, and that the latter cannot have a sociological nature, since sociology has a completely different subject. In this article based on the analysis of the actions motivation of the famous Soviet statistician, demographer and sociologist B. Urlanis, the initiator of the named campaign, it is shown that its real reason was the need to protect the sociology from the real threat of curtailing the study of population in the 60s of the XX century, when sociology which had just started to revive in the USSR after a long ban, could fall along with all its branches under a new prohibition.

In the context of the growth of the population crisis in Ukraine and the institutional non-recognition of the science of population as a field of sociology, the lack of training of specialists in the sociology of population only contributes to the deepening of this crisis.

Keywords: population, demography, formal (pure) demography, wide demography, sociology of population, demology.

References

Antonov, A.I. (2009). Caesar of Russian demography. To the 100-th anniversary of the birth of B.Ts. Urlanis. [In Russian]. In: Demograficheskiie issledovaniia (pp.23- 37). Moscow: KDU. [=Антонов 2009].

A word of farewell. Dedicated to the memory of A.G. Vishnevsky (2021).. [In Ukrainian]. Demografiia ta sotsialna ekonomika, 1 (43), 133–134 [=Слово прощання 2021].

Antonov, A.I., Valentey, D.I. (Ed.) (1976). Population knowledge system. [In Russian]. Moscow: Statistika. [=Антонов, Валентей 1976].

Arab-Ogly, E.A. (1957). Some problems of population. [In Russian]. Voprosy Filosofii, 6, 102–123 [=Араб-Оглы 1957].

Best Sociology of Population Programs (2020). US News. Retrieved from: https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-humanities-schools/sociology-of-population-rankings

Borisov, V.A. (1986). Another date for the emergence of the theory of demographic revolution. [In Russian]. Sotsiologicheskiie issledovaniia, 3, 209–213 [=Борисов 1999].

Borisov, V.A. (1999). Demography. [In Russian]. Moscow: NOTA BENE. Retrieved from: https://pedlib.ru/Books/2/0486/2_0486-185.shtml [=Борисов1999].

Borisov, V., Vishnevskii, A. (2001). Boris Tsesarevich Urlanis, demographer. [In Russian]. Demoskop Weekly, 31–32. Retrieved from: http://demoscope.ru//weekly/031/nauka01.php [=Борисов, Вишневский 2001].

Boiarskii, A. (1970). Should we argue more? [In Russian]. Bulletin of Statistics, 1, 55 – 64. [=Боярский 1970].

Davis, K. (1965). Sociology of demographic behavior. [In Russian]. In: Sociology today. Problems and prospects. American bourgeois sociology of the mid-twentieth century (pp. 343–371). Moscow: Progress. [=Дэвис 1965].

Denisenko, M. (2001). Profession: demographer. Interview. [In Russian]. ESM (Economics. Sociology. Management). Retrived from: http://ecsocman.hse.ru/text/33438808.html [=Денисенко 2001].

Encyclopedic Dictionary Granat (1926). Vol. 41. Part VI. [In Russian]. Moscow: Tovarishchestvo Rus. bibl. in-t Granat. [=Энциклопедический словарь 1926].

Giddens, E. (1999). Sociology. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Osnovy. [=Гіденс 1999].

Giddens, E. (1999). Sociology. [In Russian]. Moscow: Editorial URSS. [=Гидденс 1999].

Goldtorpe, J. (2016). Sociology as a Population Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hauser, P.M., Duncan, O.D. (1959). The Study of Population: An inventory and appraisal. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Kaufman, A.A. (1916). Theory and methods of statistics. [In Russian]. Moscow: Edition of G. A. Leman and S. I. Sakharov. [=Кауфман 1916].

Khomenko, A. (1925). On the question of the current level of overall mortality in Ukraine. [In Ukrainian]. Kharkiv: CSB of the USSR. [=Хоменко 1925].

Kon, I.S. (2008). 80 years of solitude. [In Russian]. Moscow: Vremia. [=Кон 2008].

Korchak-Chepurkovskii, Yu.A. (1970). On the methods of studying the population reproduction. [In Russian]. In: Yu.A. Korchak-Chepurkovskii, Selected Demographic Studies (pp. 4–36). Moscow: Statistika. [=Корчак-Чепурковский 1970].

Koregin, O.Y. (2003). Demological concepts. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: PH "KM Akademia" [=Корегін 2003].

Larmin, O.V. (1975). Methodological problems in population studies. [In Russian]. Moscow: Statistika. [=Лармин 1975].

Malthus, T.R. (1998). Research on the population law. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Osnovy. [=Мальтус 1998].

Moore, W.E. (1959). Sociology and Demography. In: The Study of Population: An inventory and appraisal / Ed. by P.M. Hauser and O.D. Duncan (pp. 832 –851). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

90 years since the death of Mikhail Ivanovich Tugan-Baranovsky (2009). [In Russian]. Demoskop Weekly, 361–362 (January 19 – February 1). Retrived from: http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2009/0361/nauka01.php [=90 лет 2009].

On the 50th anniversary of the death of Adolphe Laundry (1874–1956) (2006). [In Russian]. Demoskop Weekly, 269–270 (December 11 – 31): Retrived from: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2006/0269/nauka01.php [=К 50-ти летию 2006].

Podyachikh, P. (1969). Statistics and study of population problems. [In Russian]. Zhurnal Statistiki, 4, 45–56. [=Лармин 1975].

Pressat, R. (1966). Population and its study (demographic analysis). [In Russian]. Moscow: Statistika. [=Пресса 1966].

Pribytkova, I.M. (1995). Basics of demography. A guide for students. [In Ukrainian]. Кyiv: ArtEk. [=Прибиткова 1995].

Ptukha, M.V. (1960). Essays on population statistics. [In Russian]. Moscow: Gosstatizdat CSU USSR. [=Птуха 1960].

Sadowski, J. (2019). When data is capital: Datafication, accumulation, and extraction. Big Data & Society, 6 (1) Retrieved from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2053951718820549

Sauvy, A. (1957). The relationship between demography and social sciences in capitalist countries. [In Russian]. Voprosy Filosopfii, 6, 91–101. [=Сови 1957].

Sauvy, A. (1977). General theory of population. Vol.1: Economy and population growth. [In Russian]. Moscow: Progress. Retrieved from: http://socioline.ru/files/5/84/sovi_t1.pdf [=Сови 1977].

Shelestov, D.K. (1983). Demographics: History and modernity. [In Russian]. Moscow: Financy i Statistika. [=Шелестов 1983].

Schliapentokh, W. (2007). Yuri Levada's Star Time: A History of One Existential Choice. [In Russian]. NLО, 5 (87). Retrieved from: http://magazines.russ.ru/nlo/2007/87/ [=Шляпентох 2007].

Smulevich, B.Ya. (1963). About two forgotten areas of sociological research. [In Russian]. Kommunist, 17, 81–87 [=Смулевич 1963].

Urlanis, B.C. (1976). Demography and sociology. [In Russian]. In: Population: research, publicism (pp. 27–35). Moscow: Statistika. [=Урланис 1976].

Valentei, D.I. (1969). On the subject of the science of population. [In Russian]. Bulletin of Statistics, 1, 34–41. [=Валентей 1969].

Valentei, D.I. (Ed.) (1977). Fundamentals of population theory. [In Russian]. Moscow: Vysshaia Shkola. [=Валентей 1977].

Vorontsov, А. (2016). Demography . [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Yurait. Retrieved from: https://stud.com.ua/44089/sotsiologiya/demografiya [=Воронцов 2016].

Yadov, V.A. (1994). Neil Smelzer and his lecture course. [In Russian]. In: N. Smelzer, Sociology (pp .5–10). Moscow: Feniks. [=Ядов 1994].

Yu Xie (2000). Demography Past, Present, and Future. Jornal of American Statistical Assotiation, 95 (450). Retrieved from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621459.2000.10474248

Received 28.01.2022

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