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Inequality in the context of economic globalization: the empirical sociological dimension

stmm. 2020 (1): 66-85

UDC 316.343.6

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2020.01.066

Vitalina Butkaliuk - Candidate of Sciences in Sociology, Research Fellow at the Department of Economic Sociology, Institute of Sociology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv).

ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1339-6393

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the state and dynamics of socio-economic inequality in the modern world in the context of economic globalization. Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic literature, as well as large statistical and sociological information, the author argues that the implementation of neoliberal reforms has become a key factor in increasing inequality both globally and within individual countries, regardless of their level of development. The author pays special attention to public opinion research in the US and Ukraine on social inequality, social justice and the distribution of public goods. By showing that in both the most developed capitalist country, the United States, and in the "transitional" post-Soviet Ukraine, the majority of the population critically evaluates existing systems of distribution of public goods and advocates the transition to more egalitarian models of social development. In the United States, _the most critical to the system of distribution of public goods in the country are such groups as the youth, the poorest segment of the people, the sympathizers of the Democratic Party and the liberals. With regard to Ukrainians, was found the connection between assessing the fairness of the current system and age, education, region of residence, and the level of respondents' income. Most critically, it is estimated by the elderly, the respondents with the lowest levels of education, the residents of the South of country and the people with the lowest income. The rise of inequality and, as a consequence, the conflict and tensions in the world, the radicalization and aggravation of the political situation are the key features of the modern neoliberal order. The inability to increase wealth for the majority of the population amid growing wealth of the richest and increasing concentration of wealth may lead to increased discontent among the masses and cause many social upheavals. The inability to increase wealth for the majority of the population amid growing wealth of the richest and increasing concentration of wealth would lead to increased discontent among the masses and cause many social upheavals

Keywords: socio-economic inequality, social justice, neoliberalism, economic globalization, USA, Ukraine.

Publication in: ukr | rus

References

ABiggerEconomicPie, _butaSmallerSliceforHalfoftheU._ _S._ (2016). Retrieved from https://www. nytimes. com/2016/12/06/business/economy/a-bigger-economic-pie-but-a-smaller-slice-for-half-of-the-us.html?smid=tw-nytimesbusiness&smtyp=cur.

Alvaredo, F. , Chancel, L. , Piketty, T. , Saez, E. , Zucman, G. (2017). World Inequality Report 2018. Executive Summary. Laboratory of inequality in the world. https://doi.org/10.3386/w23119

Beyond income, beyond averages, beyond today: Inequalities in human development in the 21st century. (2019). United Nations Development Programme. https://doi.org/10.18356/838f78fd-en

Cherenko, L. (2013). The specifics of the form that I show will be uneven in Ukraine. Demography and social economy, 2(20). Retrieved from http://dse.org.ua/arhcive/20/6.pdf

Dorling, D. (2014). Equality. Moskva: Knigovek Book Club.

Economic empowerment. Central Europe and Asia. UN. (2019). Retrieved from http://eca.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/economic-empowerment.

Global wealth report. (2019). _CreditSuisseResearch_Institute.

Global, P. (2017). InternationalTradeUnionConfederation. KantarPublic, ITUC.

Labor for Human Development. (2015). UNDP Human Development Report.

National Report “Sustainable Development Goals: Ukraine”. (2017). Retrieved from http://www.idss.org.ua/monografii/2017_SDGs_NationalReport.pdf.

Newport, F. (2015). AmericansContinuetoSayU. S. wealthdistributionIsUnfair. Retrieved from http://news[.](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)gallup.com[/](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)poll/182987/americans-continue-say[-](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)wealth[-](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)distribution[-](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)unfair.aspx.

Ogwang, T. (2008). _Inequality, Income. International encyclopedia of the social sciences. Vol._ _4._ Inequality, 2nd ed. The Gale Group: Thomson, Star Logo and Macmillan Reference USA.

Public good or private wealth? (2019). _OXFAM_breafing paper.

Saad, L. (2019). SocialismasPopularasCapitalismAmongYoungAdultsinU. S. Gallup. November 25. Retrieved fromhttps://news. gallup. com/poll/268766/socialism-popular-capitalism-among-young-adults.aspx?utm_source=alert&utm_medium=email&utm_content=morelink&utm_campaign=syndication.

Saad, L. (2019). U. S. Support for More Government Inches Up, but Not for Socialism. _Gallup_. November 18. Retrieved from //news.gallup.com/poll/268295/support-government-inches-not-socialism.aspx.

Seabrook, J. (2014). World poverty. Moskva: Knigovek Book Club.

Success factors in modern Ukraine. (2017). Retrieved from http://rb.com.ua/eng/projects/omnibus/9191/.

The Global Gender Gap Report. (2016). World Economic Forum. Retrieved from http://reports.weforum.org/global-gender-gap-report-2016/.

The Racial Wealth Divide. Racial Economic Inequality. (2019). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315395586

Viktorov,A. (2015). Introduction to the Sociology of Inequality. Moskva: “Canon +” ROOI “Rehabilitation”.

Wolff, E. (2008). Inequality, Wealth. International encyclopedia of the social sciences. Vol. 4, 2nd ed. The Gale Group: Thomson, Star Logo and Macmillan Reference USA.

Inequality in the context of economic globalization: the empirical sociological dimension

stmm. 2020 (1): 66-85

UDC 316.343.6

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2020.01.066

Vitalina Butkaliuk - Candidate of Sciences in Sociology, Research Fellow at the Department of Economic Sociology, Institute of Sociology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv).

ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1339-6393

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the state and dynamics of socio-economic inequality in the modern world in the context of economic globalization. Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic literature, as well as large statistical and sociological information, the author argues that the implementation of neoliberal reforms has become a key factor in increasing inequality both globally and within individual countries, regardless of their level of development. The author pays special attention to public opinion research in the US and Ukraine on social inequality, social justice and the distribution of public goods. By showing that in both the most developed capitalist country, the United States, and in the "transitional" post-Soviet Ukraine, the majority of the population critically evaluates existing systems of distribution of public goods and advocates the transition to more egalitarian models of social development. In the United States, _the most critical to the system of distribution of public goods in the country are such groups as the youth, the poorest segment of the people, the sympathizers of the Democratic Party and the liberals. With regard to Ukrainians, was found the connection between assessing the fairness of the current system and age, education, region of residence, and the level of respondents' income. Most critically, it is estimated by the elderly, the respondents with the lowest levels of education, the residents of the South of country and the people with the lowest income. The rise of inequality and, as a consequence, the conflict and tensions in the world, the radicalization and aggravation of the political situation are the key features of the modern neoliberal order. The inability to increase wealth for the majority of the population amid growing wealth of the richest and increasing concentration of wealth may lead to increased discontent among the masses and cause many social upheavals. The inability to increase wealth for the majority of the population amid growing wealth of the richest and increasing concentration of wealth would lead to increased discontent among the masses and cause many social upheavals

Keywords: socio-economic inequality, social justice, neoliberalism, economic globalization, USA, Ukraine.

Publication in: ukr | rus

References

ABiggerEconomicPie, _butaSmallerSliceforHalfoftheU._ _S._ (2016). Retrieved from https://www. nytimes. com/2016/12/06/business/economy/a-bigger-economic-pie-but-a-smaller-slice-for-half-of-the-us.html?smid=tw-nytimesbusiness&smtyp=cur.

Alvaredo, F. , Chancel, L. , Piketty, T. , Saez, E. , Zucman, G. (2017). World Inequality Report 2018. Executive Summary. Laboratory of inequality in the world. https://doi.org/10.3386/w23119

Beyond income, beyond averages, beyond today: Inequalities in human development in the 21st century. (2019). United Nations Development Programme. https://doi.org/10.18356/838f78fd-en

Cherenko, L. (2013). The specifics of the form that I show will be uneven in Ukraine. Demography and social economy, 2(20). Retrieved from http://dse.org.ua/arhcive/20/6.pdf

Dorling, D. (2014). Equality. Moskva: Knigovek Book Club.

Economic empowerment. Central Europe and Asia. UN. (2019). Retrieved from http://eca.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/economic-empowerment.

Global wealth report. (2019). _CreditSuisseResearch_Institute.

Global, P. (2017). InternationalTradeUnionConfederation. KantarPublic, ITUC.

Labor for Human Development. (2015). UNDP Human Development Report.

National Report “Sustainable Development Goals: Ukraine”. (2017). Retrieved from http://www.idss.org.ua/monografii/2017_SDGs_NationalReport.pdf.

Newport, F. (2015). AmericansContinuetoSayU. S. wealthdistributionIsUnfair. Retrieved from http://news[.](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)gallup.com[/](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)poll/182987/americans-continue-say[-](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)wealth[-](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)distribution[-](http://news.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx)unfair.aspx.

Ogwang, T. (2008). _Inequality, Income. International encyclopedia of the social sciences. Vol._ _4._ Inequality, 2nd ed. The Gale Group: Thomson, Star Logo and Macmillan Reference USA.

Public good or private wealth? (2019). _OXFAM_breafing paper.

Saad, L. (2019). SocialismasPopularasCapitalismAmongYoungAdultsinU. S. Gallup. November 25. Retrieved fromhttps://news. gallup. com/poll/268766/socialism-popular-capitalism-among-young-adults.aspx?utm_source=alert&utm_medium=email&utm_content=morelink&utm_campaign=syndication.

Saad, L. (2019). U. S. Support for More Government Inches Up, but Not for Socialism. _Gallup_. November 18. Retrieved from //news.gallup.com/poll/268295/support-government-inches-not-socialism.aspx.

Seabrook, J. (2014). World poverty. Moskva: Knigovek Book Club.

Success factors in modern Ukraine. (2017). Retrieved from http://rb.com.ua/eng/projects/omnibus/9191/.

The Global Gender Gap Report. (2016). World Economic Forum. Retrieved from http://reports.weforum.org/global-gender-gap-report-2016/.

The Racial Wealth Divide. Racial Economic Inequality. (2019). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315395586

Viktorov,A. (2015). Introduction to the Sociology of Inequality. Moskva: “Canon +” ROOI “Rehabilitation”.

Wolff, E. (2008). Inequality, Wealth. International encyclopedia of the social sciences. Vol. 4, 2nd ed. The Gale Group: Thomson, Star Logo and Macmillan Reference USA.

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