LATEST PRINTED ISSUE

LATEST FREELY ACCESSIBLE MATERIALS

The questionnaire as a methodical form of studying revolutions: on the example of Pitirim Sorokin's theory

stmm. 2024 (1): 158-169

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2024.01.158

Full text: https://stmm.in.ua/archive/ukr/2024-1/10.pdf

RODION PRYSHVA, Master of Public Management and Administration, PhD Student at the Department of History and Theory of Sociology, Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (12, Shovkovychna St., Kyiv, 01021)

pryshvarodion@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1933-3329

The article explores the interaction between sociological and historical knowledge using the example of Pitirim Sorokin's theory of revolution and the methodological views of Marc Bloch. To achieve this goal, a general overview of the work "Sociology of Revolution" by an American researcher was conducted, and the identity of the methodological approaches presented therein to studying revolutionary processes with the questionnaire technique of a French historian was revealed. The obtained results allowed for the utilization of Pitirim Sorokin's developments as a methodological framework by Marc Bloch for analyzing an archival document describing the Zvenyhorod uprising in the territory of Kyiv province in June 1918. As a result, it was demonstrated that constructing a questionnaire based on sociological theory is an important task for a researcher working in the field of historical sociology and sociology of revolutions. The use of the proposed methodological framework enables the enhancement of the quality of socio-historical knowledge, as the researcher can documentarily reproduce the life of society experiencing revolutionary conditions. Given close cooperation between sociologists and historians regarding the development of questionnaires, the coordination of procedures for selecting primary materials and methods of analysis, there is a real possibility of a documentary turn in historical sociology and sociology of revolutions in the future. A direct outcome of such processes could be the establishment of a proper methodological and empirical basis for the emergence of qualitatively new research in the field of sociology of revolutions, ultimately allowing sociologists to utilize more reliable sources for analyzing the causes, course, and consequences of revolutions.

Keywords: Pitirim Sorokin, Marc Bloch, Pavlo Skoropadskyi, Zvenyhorod uprising, Ukrainian revolution, Ukrainian State, questionnaire, civil war, guerrilla warfare

References

  1. Ahlskog, J. (2021). Primacy of Method in Historical Research: Philosophy of History and the Perspective of Meaning. New York, NY: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003123811

  2. Bayat, A. (2017). Revolution without Revolutionaries: Making Sense of the Arab Spring. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

  3. Bloch, M. (1963). Mélanges Historiques (T. 1). Paris: S.E.V.P.E.N.

  4. Brinton, C.C. (1938). The Anatomy of Revolution. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. https://doi.org/10.1037/11225-000

  5. Chirot, D. (1984). The Social and Historical Landscape of Marc Bloch. In: T. Skocpol (Ed.), Vision and Method in Historical Sociology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511621567.003

  6. Cohen, R. (2022). Making History: The Storytellers Who Shaped the Past. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.

  7. Fellman, S., Rahikainen, M. (2011). Historical Knowledge: In Quest of Theory, Method and Evidence. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

  8. Gaddis, J.L. (2002). The Landscape of History: How Historians Map the Past. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195066524.001.0001

  9. Goldstone, J.A. (1991). Revolution and Rebellion in the Early Modern World. Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford: University of California Press.

  10. Goldstone, J.A. (2022). Handbook of Revolutions in the 21st Century: The New Waves of Revolutions, and the Causes and Effects of Disruptive Political Change (Societies and Political Orders in Transition). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86468-2

  11. Lawson, G. (2019). Anatomies of Revolution. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108697385

  12. Moaddel, M., Gelfand, M.J. (2017). Values, Political Action, and Change in the Middle East and the Arab Spring. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190269098.001.0001

  13. Moore, B. (1966). Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

  14. Raftis, J.A. (1962). Marc Bloch's comparative method and the rural history of mediaeval England. Mediaeval Studies, 24, 349-368. https://doi.org/10.1484/J.MS.2.306795

  15. Rolland, D. (2005). La Grève des tranchées: Les mutineries de 1917. Paris: Imago.

  16. Scherbatiuk, V.M. (2002). The armed uprising in Zvenigorodka. [In Ukrainian]. Voienna istoriia, 2, 43-53.

  17. Skocpol, T. (1979). States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815805

  18. Sorokin, P. (1925). The Sociology of Revolution. Philadelphia, London: J.B. Lippincott Company.

  19. Stone, B. (2013). The Anatomy of Revolution Revisited: A Comparative Analysis of England, France and Russia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107053823

  20. Stone, B. (2020). Rethinking Revolutionary Change in Europe: A Neostructuralist Approach. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

  21. Tamm, М., Burke, P. (2018). Debating New Approaches to History. London, UK: Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781474281959

  22. Tendler, J. (2013). Opponents of the Annales School. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137294982

  23. Tilly, C. (1978). From Mobilization to Revolution. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

  24. Walker, L.D. (1980). A Note on Historical Linguistics and Marc Bloch's Comparative Method. History and Theory, 19, 154-164. https://doi.org/10.2307/2504796

Received 26.01.2024

The questionnaire as a methodical form of studying revolutions: on the example of Pitirim Sorokin's theory

stmm. 2024 (1): 158-169

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2024.01.158

Full text: https://stmm.in.ua/archive/ukr/2024-1/10.pdf

RODION PRYSHVA, Master of Public Management and Administration, PhD Student at the Department of History and Theory of Sociology, Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (12, Shovkovychna St., Kyiv, 01021)

pryshvarodion@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1933-3329

The article explores the interaction between sociological and historical knowledge using the example of Pitirim Sorokin's theory of revolution and the methodological views of Marc Bloch. To achieve this goal, a general overview of the work "Sociology of Revolution" by an American researcher was conducted, and the identity of the methodological approaches presented therein to studying revolutionary processes with the questionnaire technique of a French historian was revealed. The obtained results allowed for the utilization of Pitirim Sorokin's developments as a methodological framework by Marc Bloch for analyzing an archival document describing the Zvenyhorod uprising in the territory of Kyiv province in June 1918. As a result, it was demonstrated that constructing a questionnaire based on sociological theory is an important task for a researcher working in the field of historical sociology and sociology of revolutions. The use of the proposed methodological framework enables the enhancement of the quality of socio-historical knowledge, as the researcher can documentarily reproduce the life of society experiencing revolutionary conditions. Given close cooperation between sociologists and historians regarding the development of questionnaires, the coordination of procedures for selecting primary materials and methods of analysis, there is a real possibility of a documentary turn in historical sociology and sociology of revolutions in the future. A direct outcome of such processes could be the establishment of a proper methodological and empirical basis for the emergence of qualitatively new research in the field of sociology of revolutions, ultimately allowing sociologists to utilize more reliable sources for analyzing the causes, course, and consequences of revolutions.

Keywords: Pitirim Sorokin, Marc Bloch, Pavlo Skoropadskyi, Zvenyhorod uprising, Ukrainian revolution, Ukrainian State, questionnaire, civil war, guerrilla warfare

References

  1. Ahlskog, J. (2021). Primacy of Method in Historical Research: Philosophy of History and the Perspective of Meaning. New York, NY: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003123811

  2. Bayat, A. (2017). Revolution without Revolutionaries: Making Sense of the Arab Spring. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

  3. Bloch, M. (1963). Mélanges Historiques (T. 1). Paris: S.E.V.P.E.N.

  4. Brinton, C.C. (1938). The Anatomy of Revolution. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. https://doi.org/10.1037/11225-000

  5. Chirot, D. (1984). The Social and Historical Landscape of Marc Bloch. In: T. Skocpol (Ed.), Vision and Method in Historical Sociology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511621567.003

  6. Cohen, R. (2022). Making History: The Storytellers Who Shaped the Past. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.

  7. Fellman, S., Rahikainen, M. (2011). Historical Knowledge: In Quest of Theory, Method and Evidence. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

  8. Gaddis, J.L. (2002). The Landscape of History: How Historians Map the Past. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195066524.001.0001

  9. Goldstone, J.A. (1991). Revolution and Rebellion in the Early Modern World. Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford: University of California Press.

  10. Goldstone, J.A. (2022). Handbook of Revolutions in the 21st Century: The New Waves of Revolutions, and the Causes and Effects of Disruptive Political Change (Societies and Political Orders in Transition). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86468-2

  11. Lawson, G. (2019). Anatomies of Revolution. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108697385

  12. Moaddel, M., Gelfand, M.J. (2017). Values, Political Action, and Change in the Middle East and the Arab Spring. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190269098.001.0001

  13. Moore, B. (1966). Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

  14. Raftis, J.A. (1962). Marc Bloch's comparative method and the rural history of mediaeval England. Mediaeval Studies, 24, 349-368. https://doi.org/10.1484/J.MS.2.306795

  15. Rolland, D. (2005). La Grève des tranchées: Les mutineries de 1917. Paris: Imago.

  16. Scherbatiuk, V.M. (2002). The armed uprising in Zvenigorodka. [In Ukrainian]. Voienna istoriia, 2, 43-53.

  17. Skocpol, T. (1979). States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815805

  18. Sorokin, P. (1925). The Sociology of Revolution. Philadelphia, London: J.B. Lippincott Company.

  19. Stone, B. (2013). The Anatomy of Revolution Revisited: A Comparative Analysis of England, France and Russia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107053823

  20. Stone, B. (2020). Rethinking Revolutionary Change in Europe: A Neostructuralist Approach. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

  21. Tamm, М., Burke, P. (2018). Debating New Approaches to History. London, UK: Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781474281959

  22. Tendler, J. (2013). Opponents of the Annales School. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137294982

  23. Tilly, C. (1978). From Mobilization to Revolution. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

  24. Walker, L.D. (1980). A Note on Historical Linguistics and Marc Bloch's Comparative Method. History and Theory, 19, 154-164. https://doi.org/10.2307/2504796

Received 26.01.2024

LATEST PRINTED ISSUE

LATEST FREELY ACCESSIBLE MATERIALS

} } } } }