Discursive and institutional standards of justice in the modern world-system
stmm. 2024 (3): 83-102
DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2024.03.083
Full text: https://stmm.in.ua/archive/ukr/2024-3/7.pdf
MYKOLA BULATEVYCH, Candidate of Sciences in Sociology, Associate Professor at the Department of Sociology and Public Communications, Faculty of Sociology and Social Policy, Dragomanov Ukrainian State University (9, Pyrohova St., Kyiv, 901601)
m.m.bulatevych@udu.edu.ua
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-1635
In the article the essence of standards of justice in the modern world-system is outlined in a general way. It is shown that these standards emerged in the European capitalist world-economy in consequence of the French Revolution. Standards of justice are interpreted as ideological semantic constructions that have been institutionalized simultaneously with establishment, first, of the ideology of liberalism as the geoculture of the modern world-system and, second, — of model of liberal state. Standards of justice are considered within theoretical theses and methodological guiding lines of I. Wallerstein's theory of the modern world-system. However, some theoretical theses of J. Alexander's civil society theory are also used to supplement and concretize considered in the article problems with some new arguments. For instance, Alexander's conceptual toolkit helped to distinguish discursive and institutional standards of justice. Reasons and peculiarities of establishment of standards of justice are considered and role these standards played in the providing of development of the modern world-system is shown. In particular, it is elucidated that owing to these standards elites of the core countries of the modern world-system managed to redirect the rebellion energy of the lower strata from antisystemic revolutions to struggle for inclusion to liberal state. This helped to calm the lower strata down and to guard structures of the modern world-system against essential damages. Standards of justice contributed to legitimation of social order of the modern world-system. Full integration of the lower strata to newly created national societies reinforced social solidarity, and this strengthened the core states even more. It is shown that for today in particular countries of periphery and semi-periphery trends of revision of current standards of justice and their replacement by alternative semantic constructions become visible.
Keywords: standards of justice, the ideology of liberalism, model of liberal state, mode of production and distribution of surplus value, set of symbolic codes
References
Alexander, J.C. (2006). The civil sphere. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162509.001.0001
Bailey, N., Winchester, N. (2018). Framing social justice: the ties that bind a multinational occupational community. Sociology, 52(4). 796-812. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038516670111
DeLue, S.M., Dale, T. (2016). Political thinking, political theory and civil society. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315629315
Durkheim, E. (2014). The division of labor in society. New York: Free Press.
Fraser, N. (2013). Fortunes of feminism: from state-managed capitalism to neoliberal crisis. London: Verso.
Gomberg, P. (2007). How to make opportunity equal: race and contributive justice. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470692431
Habermas, J. (1998). Between facts and norms: Contribution to a discourse theory of law and democracy. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Morrison, A. (2021). The foundations of distributive justice: a morphogenetic analysis of Gomberg and Fraser. Sociology, 55(2), 227-242. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038520947305
Olsaretti, S. (Ed.). (2018). The Oxford handbook of distributive justice / edited by Serena Olsaretti.. New York: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199645121.001.0001
Rawls, J. (2001). A Theory of Justice. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Osnovy Publishing House of Solomiia Pavlychko.
Ray, L., Sayer, A. (Eds.). (1999). Culture and economy after the cultural turn. London: Sage Publication Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446218112
Silver, E., Goff, R., Iceland, J. (2023). Social justice and social order: moral intuitions and endorsements of antiblack and antiwhite stereotypes. Socius, 9, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231231217832
Wallerstein, I. (1989). The modern world-system III: the second era of great expansion of the capitalist world-economy, 1730-1840s. San Diego: Academic Press.
Wallerstein, I. (2011). The modern world-system I: capitalist agriculture and the origins of the European world-economy in the sixteenth century. Berkeley, and Los Angeles: University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520948594
Wallerstein, I. (2011). The modern world-system IV: centrist liberalism triumphant, 1789-1914. Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520948594
Received 25.04.2024
Discursive and institutional standards of justice in the modern world-system
stmm. 2024 (3): 83-102
DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2024.03.083
Full text: https://stmm.in.ua/archive/ukr/2024-3/7.pdf
MYKOLA BULATEVYCH, Candidate of Sciences in Sociology, Associate Professor at the Department of Sociology and Public Communications, Faculty of Sociology and Social Policy, Dragomanov Ukrainian State University (9, Pyrohova St., Kyiv, 901601)
m.m.bulatevych@udu.edu.ua
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-1635
In the article the essence of standards of justice in the modern world-system is outlined in a general way. It is shown that these standards emerged in the European capitalist world-economy in consequence of the French Revolution. Standards of justice are interpreted as ideological semantic constructions that have been institutionalized simultaneously with establishment, first, of the ideology of liberalism as the geoculture of the modern world-system and, second, — of model of liberal state. Standards of justice are considered within theoretical theses and methodological guiding lines of I. Wallerstein's theory of the modern world-system. However, some theoretical theses of J. Alexander's civil society theory are also used to supplement and concretize considered in the article problems with some new arguments. For instance, Alexander's conceptual toolkit helped to distinguish discursive and institutional standards of justice. Reasons and peculiarities of establishment of standards of justice are considered and role these standards played in the providing of development of the modern world-system is shown. In particular, it is elucidated that owing to these standards elites of the core countries of the modern world-system managed to redirect the rebellion energy of the lower strata from antisystemic revolutions to struggle for inclusion to liberal state. This helped to calm the lower strata down and to guard structures of the modern world-system against essential damages. Standards of justice contributed to legitimation of social order of the modern world-system. Full integration of the lower strata to newly created national societies reinforced social solidarity, and this strengthened the core states even more. It is shown that for today in particular countries of periphery and semi-periphery trends of revision of current standards of justice and their replacement by alternative semantic constructions become visible.
Keywords: standards of justice, the ideology of liberalism, model of liberal state, mode of production and distribution of surplus value, set of symbolic codes
References
Alexander, J.C. (2006). The civil sphere. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162509.001.0001
Bailey, N., Winchester, N. (2018). Framing social justice: the ties that bind a multinational occupational community. Sociology, 52(4). 796-812. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038516670111
DeLue, S.M., Dale, T. (2016). Political thinking, political theory and civil society. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315629315
Durkheim, E. (2014). The division of labor in society. New York: Free Press.
Fraser, N. (2013). Fortunes of feminism: from state-managed capitalism to neoliberal crisis. London: Verso.
Gomberg, P. (2007). How to make opportunity equal: race and contributive justice. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470692431
Habermas, J. (1998). Between facts and norms: Contribution to a discourse theory of law and democracy. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Morrison, A. (2021). The foundations of distributive justice: a morphogenetic analysis of Gomberg and Fraser. Sociology, 55(2), 227-242. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038520947305
Olsaretti, S. (Ed.). (2018). The Oxford handbook of distributive justice / edited by Serena Olsaretti.. New York: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199645121.001.0001
Rawls, J. (2001). A Theory of Justice. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Osnovy Publishing House of Solomiia Pavlychko.
Ray, L., Sayer, A. (Eds.). (1999). Culture and economy after the cultural turn. London: Sage Publication Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446218112
Silver, E., Goff, R., Iceland, J. (2023). Social justice and social order: moral intuitions and endorsements of antiblack and antiwhite stereotypes. Socius, 9, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231231217832
Wallerstein, I. (1989). The modern world-system III: the second era of great expansion of the capitalist world-economy, 1730-1840s. San Diego: Academic Press.
Wallerstein, I. (2011). The modern world-system I: capitalist agriculture and the origins of the European world-economy in the sixteenth century. Berkeley, and Los Angeles: University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520948594
Wallerstein, I. (2011). The modern world-system IV: centrist liberalism triumphant, 1789-1914. Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520948594
Received 25.04.2024