Institute of Sociology NASU

UKRAINE IN DEMOGRAPHIC DIMENSION: THE CRISIS PHENOMENA IN A SPHERE OF POPULATION REPRODUCTION IN 1991–2021 YEARS

stmm. 2022 (3): 81-104

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2022.03.081

IRYNA PRIBYTKOVA, Doctor of Sciences in Economics, Leading Research Fellow at the Department of Social Structures, Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (12, Shovkovychna St., Kyiv, 01021)

i.pribytkova@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2528-9504

This paper completes the research triptych dedicated to phenomena of depopulation in Ukraine. Analysis of the crisis phenomena in the domain of population reproduction has been added by characteristics of statistical sources and methodological support of correct analysis of statistical information. The motive power of depopulation was founded on the transformation of the demographic regime completed in Ukraine in the 1970s. Accumulated in the age structure potential of demographic growth due to high fertility in recent times proved to be very near the exhaustion. In consequence of it loss, the natural increase of the population reduced steadily and its transition into natural decrease became inevitable. It has happened in Ukraine in 1991 and coincided in time with the beginning of unpopular market reforms.

Though these reforms are regarded as the main cause of losses in the natural increase of the population, in reality the connection of fertility tendencies with the political situation at the beginning of the 1990s is relatively weak. In the present case more deep evolutionary conditionality of population reproduction processes takes place. The transition to the regime of narrowed reproduction has started long before the reforms. A crisis of post transitional fertility has arisen in Ukraine still before the USSR dissolution.

Ukrainian people went through three profound crises during soviet period. Each of it was accompanied by demographic crisis in the form of considerable increase of mortality (death-rate) and essential lowering of fertility (birth rate). Today Ukraine is going through fourth demographic crisis: swift shortening of fertility and growth of mortality, dates back to the last decade of XX century and are lasting till now.

Keywords: population reproduction, demographic transition, depopulation, transformation crisis, demographic behaviour.

References

Andreev, E., Pirozhkov, S. (1975). Demographic growth potential. [In Russian]. In: Population and environment. Moscow: Statistics. [=Андреев, Пирожков 1975]

Demographic yearbook Population of Ukraine for 2020 (2021). [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. [=Демографічний щорічник 2021]

Demographic Situation in 2021 (18.02.2022). Express Issue of the Statistics Service of Ukraine. [In Ukrainian]. Retrieved from: http://ukrstat.gov.ua. [=Демографічна ситуація 2022]

Kurylo, I. (2010). The Cohort fertility in Ukraine for the last hundred years. [In Russian]. In: The population problems in a mirror of history: Sixth Valenteev Readings. Moscow: MACS Press. [=Курило 2010]

Pirozhkov, S. (1992). Labour potential in the demographic dimension. [In Russian]. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka. [=Пирожков 1992]

Pribytkova, I. (1995). Basics of demography: Textbook for students of the humanities and social facilities in higher education schools. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: ArtEc. [=Прибиткова 1995]

Pribytkova, I. (2000). Modern demographic situation in Ukraine. [In Ukrainian]. In: Ukranian society: monitoring – 2000. Information and analytical materials. Kyiv: Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine. [=Прибиткова 2000]

Pribytkova, I. (2007). Migrations and demographic development of Ukraine. [In Russian]. In: Migration and Development: the International Conference. Moscow: SP Mysl’. [=Прибыткова 2007]

Pilot census results. Full version with details in regions as of 1 December 2019 (2019). [In Ukrainian]. Retrieved from: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua. [=Результати 2019]

Steshenko, V. (2010). Cohort analysis of women fertility in Ukraine: the main results. [In Russian]. In: The population problems in a mirror of history: Sixth Valenteev Readings. Moscow: MAKS Press. [=Стешенко 2010]

Terets’, V. (2011). Depopulation in the Ukraine: determinants, peculiarities and consequences. [In Ukrainian]. PhD Thesis, Institute of Demography and Social Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. [=Терець 2011]

World Population Prospects: The 2000 Revison (2001). New York: Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat. Retrieved from: http://www.un.org/esa/population

Received 25.07.2022