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ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH PROGRAMS: A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

stmm. 2021 (4): 104-128

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2021.04.104

VOLODYMYR REZNIK, Doctor of Sciences in Sociology, Head of the Department of History and Theory of Sociology, Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (12, Shovkovychna St., Kyiv, 01021)

volodymyr.reznik@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9955-0034

The origins and content of the methodology of scientific research programs of I. Lakatos are considered taking into account the problems and tasks of the history of sociology. The reception of the methodology of research programs in sociology can be explained by the relevance of the analytical model of the structure and dynamics of the research program in the analysis of sociological knowledge. Within the framework of sociological knowledge, metatheoretical, theoretical and empirical structural levels are analytically distinguished. Certain structural analogies are observed: between the “hard core” and “negative heuristics” of the research program, on the one hand, and metatheory, on the other; between the “protective belt” and the “positive heuristic” of the research program, on the one hand, and theory, on the other; between the empirical content of the research program, on the one hand, and the empirical basis of sociology, on the other. One can observe a number of analogies in the dynamics of functional connections between the structural components of the research program, on the one hand, and the dynamics of functional connections between metatheorizing, theorizing, and empirical analysis in sociology, on the other.

Keywords: positivism, post-positivism, falsification, research program

References

Alexander, J.C. (1982). Theoretical Logic in Sociology, Volume 1: Positivism, Presuppositions, and Current Controversies. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Arthury, L.H.M., Terrazzan, E.A. (2018). The Nature of Science in school by means of a educative material on Gravitation. [In Portuguese]. Brazilian Journal of Physics Education. 40 (3). Retrieved from: https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-11172018000300503; https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9126-rbef-2017-0233

Asp, E. (2000). Introduction to Sociology. [In Russian]. St. Petersburg: Aleteia. [= Асп 2000]

Heidtman, J., Wysienska, K., Szmatka, J. (2000). Positivism and Types of Theories in Sociology. Sociological Focus, 33(1), 1–26. DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2000.10571154

Kuhn, T. (2001). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Port-Royal. [= Кун 2001]

Kutuev, P. (2005). Conceptions of development and modernization: the evolution of research programs of sociological discours. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Steel. [= Кутуєв 2005]

Kutuev, P. (2017). Modern(s): history, theories and practices. Sociological interpretation: monograph. [In Ukrainian]. Kherson: Helvetica Publishing House. [= Кутуєв 2017]

Lakatos, I. (2007). Methodology of scientific research programs. [In Ukrainian]. Psychology and Society, 4, 11–29. Retrieved from: http://pis.wunu.edu.ua/index.php/uapis/article/view/315/315. [= Лакатош 2007]

Lakatos, I. (2013). Popper and Kuhn's research programs in the focus of falsificationism. [In Ukrainian]. Psychology and Society, 4, 6–17. Retrieved from: http://pis.wunu.edu.ua/index.php/uapis/article/view/679. [= Лакатош 2013]

Leong, S.M. (1985). Metatheory and Metamethodology in Marketing: A Lakatosian Reconstruction. Journal of Marketing, 49 (4), 23–40.

Malysh, L.O. (2019). Principles and rules of measurement of structural inequalities in sociology: monograph. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. [= Малиш 2019]

Melnikov, A.S. (2018). Existential Sociology: The Problem of Identifying Paradigmatic Specificity: Monograph. [In Russian]. Kyiv: Millennium. [= Мельников 2018]

Melnikov, A. (2019). Metaparadigmatic structure of modern sociological knowledge. [In Ukrainian]. In: Reznik, V. (Ed.), Sociological Metatheorizing: History and Present Day (pp. 226–248). Kyiv: Institute of Sociology, NAS of Ukraine. [= Мельніков 2019]

Popper, K. (1994). The Poverty of Historicism. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Abris. [= Поппер 1994]

Popper, K.R. (2017). The logic of the social sciences. Presentation. [In German]. Cologne Journal for Sociology and Social Psychology (Suppl 1), 69, 215–228. Retrieved from: https://kzfss.uni-koeln.de/sites/kzfss/pdf/SH_56-2017.pdf

Reznik, V. (Ed.). (2019). Sociological Metatheorizing: History and Present Day. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Institute of Sociology, NAS of Ukraine. [= Резнік 2019]

Ritzer, G. (2002). Modern Sociological Theory. [In Russian]. St. Petersburg: Piter. [= Ритцер 2002]

Turner, J.H. (1979). Sociology as a Theory Building Enterprise: Detours from the Early Masters. The Pacific Sociological Review, 22 (4), 427–456.

Vasquez, J.A. (1997). The Realist Paradigm and Degenerative versus Progressive Research Programs: An Appraisal of Neotraditional Research on Waltz’s Balancing Proposition. The American Political Science Review, 91 (4), 899–912. DOI: 10.1007/s11577-017-0425-6.

Received 27.08.2021

ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH PROGRAMS: A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

stmm. 2021 (4): 104-128

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2021.04.104

VOLODYMYR REZNIK, Doctor of Sciences in Sociology, Head of the Department of History and Theory of Sociology, Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (12, Shovkovychna St., Kyiv, 01021)

volodymyr.reznik@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9955-0034

The origins and content of the methodology of scientific research programs of I. Lakatos are considered taking into account the problems and tasks of the history of sociology. The reception of the methodology of research programs in sociology can be explained by the relevance of the analytical model of the structure and dynamics of the research program in the analysis of sociological knowledge. Within the framework of sociological knowledge, metatheoretical, theoretical and empirical structural levels are analytically distinguished. Certain structural analogies are observed: between the “hard core” and “negative heuristics” of the research program, on the one hand, and metatheory, on the other; between the “protective belt” and the “positive heuristic” of the research program, on the one hand, and theory, on the other; between the empirical content of the research program, on the one hand, and the empirical basis of sociology, on the other. One can observe a number of analogies in the dynamics of functional connections between the structural components of the research program, on the one hand, and the dynamics of functional connections between metatheorizing, theorizing, and empirical analysis in sociology, on the other.

Keywords: positivism, post-positivism, falsification, research program

References

Alexander, J.C. (1982). Theoretical Logic in Sociology, Volume 1: Positivism, Presuppositions, and Current Controversies. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Arthury, L.H.M., Terrazzan, E.A. (2018). The Nature of Science in school by means of a educative material on Gravitation. [In Portuguese]. Brazilian Journal of Physics Education. 40 (3). Retrieved from: https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-11172018000300503; https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9126-rbef-2017-0233

Asp, E. (2000). Introduction to Sociology. [In Russian]. St. Petersburg: Aleteia. [= Асп 2000]

Heidtman, J., Wysienska, K., Szmatka, J. (2000). Positivism and Types of Theories in Sociology. Sociological Focus, 33(1), 1–26. DOI: 10.1080/00380237.2000.10571154

Kuhn, T. (2001). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Port-Royal. [= Кун 2001]

Kutuev, P. (2005). Conceptions of development and modernization: the evolution of research programs of sociological discours. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Steel. [= Кутуєв 2005]

Kutuev, P. (2017). Modern(s): history, theories and practices. Sociological interpretation: monograph. [In Ukrainian]. Kherson: Helvetica Publishing House. [= Кутуєв 2017]

Lakatos, I. (2007). Methodology of scientific research programs. [In Ukrainian]. Psychology and Society, 4, 11–29. Retrieved from: http://pis.wunu.edu.ua/index.php/uapis/article/view/315/315. [= Лакатош 2007]

Lakatos, I. (2013). Popper and Kuhn's research programs in the focus of falsificationism. [In Ukrainian]. Psychology and Society, 4, 6–17. Retrieved from: http://pis.wunu.edu.ua/index.php/uapis/article/view/679. [= Лакатош 2013]

Leong, S.M. (1985). Metatheory and Metamethodology in Marketing: A Lakatosian Reconstruction. Journal of Marketing, 49 (4), 23–40.

Malysh, L.O. (2019). Principles and rules of measurement of structural inequalities in sociology: monograph. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. [= Малиш 2019]

Melnikov, A.S. (2018). Existential Sociology: The Problem of Identifying Paradigmatic Specificity: Monograph. [In Russian]. Kyiv: Millennium. [= Мельников 2018]

Melnikov, A. (2019). Metaparadigmatic structure of modern sociological knowledge. [In Ukrainian]. In: Reznik, V. (Ed.), Sociological Metatheorizing: History and Present Day (pp. 226–248). Kyiv: Institute of Sociology, NAS of Ukraine. [= Мельніков 2019]

Popper, K. (1994). The Poverty of Historicism. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Abris. [= Поппер 1994]

Popper, K.R. (2017). The logic of the social sciences. Presentation. [In German]. Cologne Journal for Sociology and Social Psychology (Suppl 1), 69, 215–228. Retrieved from: https://kzfss.uni-koeln.de/sites/kzfss/pdf/SH_56-2017.pdf

Reznik, V. (Ed.). (2019). Sociological Metatheorizing: History and Present Day. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Institute of Sociology, NAS of Ukraine. [= Резнік 2019]

Ritzer, G. (2002). Modern Sociological Theory. [In Russian]. St. Petersburg: Piter. [= Ритцер 2002]

Turner, J.H. (1979). Sociology as a Theory Building Enterprise: Detours from the Early Masters. The Pacific Sociological Review, 22 (4), 427–456.

Vasquez, J.A. (1997). The Realist Paradigm and Degenerative versus Progressive Research Programs: An Appraisal of Neotraditional Research on Waltz’s Balancing Proposition. The American Political Science Review, 91 (4), 899–912. DOI: 10.1007/s11577-017-0425-6.

Received 27.08.2021

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